Posts Tagged ‘asymmetric pay-off’

How should you go about investing in silver?

Friday, July 10th, 2009

After having read our series of articles on silver, you may wonder how you should go about investing in silver. Knowing about the potential for silver prices to sky-rocket is one thing. Benefiting from it is another. Today, we will go into that.

First, as you may already have known by now, when we used the word “silver,” we mean physical silver bullion. Financial assets disguised as silver (e.g. silver ETF, silver certificate, etc), at the end of the day, are just paper assets- they are not the real thing. This is especially true for silver ETFs. For example, in the SEC filings for the iShares Silver Trust, it has clauses that say something like “the liquidity of the iShares may decline and price of the price of the iShares may fluctuate independently of the price of silver and may fall” and the “iShares are intended to constitute a simple and cost-effective means of making an investment similar to an investment in silver.” Silver paper assets are great for trading silver, but you may not want them as long-term investments.

Next, if you are very sure that silver prices will roar mightily in the future, should you pour all your life savings acquiring it?

To answer this question you have to understand that investing in silver falls under the Black Swan investment category. For those who haven’t already, we urge that you read Failure to understand Black Swan leads to fallacious thinking first. We encounter frequent and stubborn misunderstanding of the concepts of Black Swan. As we wrote in that article,

As we talk to more and more people, we encounter a very frequent lack of understanding of Black Swans (for those who wants to learn more about Black Swans in detail, we recommend this book: The Black Swan: The Impact of the Highly Improbable by Nassim Nicholas Taleb). As a result, many people have this erroneous belief that contrarians are predictors of gloom and doom. The more entrenched this lack of understanding (of Black Swans) is, the deeper the fallacy one will fall into. This lack of understanding will degrade the quality of one?s thinking, which can translate to severe financial loss when investing.

Today, we will again attack the stubborn entrenchment of this conception black hole.

Many people have heard of and read Nassim Nicholas Taleb’s book, The Black Swan: The Impact of the Highly Improbable. But not many really understand it properly. It took us a few re-readings of Taleb’s winding meandering prose to fully grasp the concept of Black Swans. If you have not read Failure to understand Black Swan leads to fallacious thinking, please read that first…

… now that you have read that article, you should be able to appreciate this fact: when we talk about the potential of silver prices to explode, we are not making a ‘prediction’ of the future. As we wrote in that article, a parachutist packing a backup parachute is not making the ‘prediction’ that his primary parachute will fail. The backup parachute is there to ensure his survival should his primary parachute fail, which is unlikely based on statistical probability. In the same vein, based on statistical probability, it is improbable that the silver fuses (that we wrote before) will light up because it had not happened before. But should the fuses light up, you can be sure that the price impact will be massive.

Therefore, to profit from Black Swan investing, you have to implement an asymmetric pay-off strategy. This idea is very similar to the one that we wrote in the guide, How to profit from a stock market crash?. As we wrote in this article in that guide,

The basic idea behind the asymmetric payoff strategy is simple. First, you structure your bet in the market such that if you lose the bet, your loss is very tiny, but if you win, your gain is very massive. Next, you bet that the market will crash within a specific period of time. If you lose that bet, place another bet for the next period of time. You do this repeatedly until the day of the Black Swan event when your profit overwhelmingly overshadows your accumulated small losses.

Obviously, the disadvantage of this strategy is that it requires fortitude to absorb small losses indefinitely while waiting for a highly rewarding final vindication in the end.

In the same vein, investing in silver means accumulating it slowly, bit by bit and patiently waiting for the silver fuse day. Because you are investing one tiny bit at a time, it should not have any material financial impact on your day-to-day life. In other words, you are investing with your ‘loose change.’

Maybe the day of silver fuse will never come. In that case, the most you will lose are your ‘loose change.’ But should the day of silver fuse arrives, your ‘loose change’ is going to be worth many times over, maybe even a fortune.

Remember, do not bet a large chunk of your life savings into the silver fuse story.

Now is the time to implement asymmetric payoff strategy?

Thursday, May 28th, 2009

A couple of years ago, when it was still a raging bull market, we wrote this guide, How to profit from a stock market crash?. In that guide, we gave a thorough treatment on the correct and safe way to profit from a possible price crash in the context of a bull market. The way to do it is to implement a trading strategy that carries an asymmetric pay-off. An asymmetric pay-off strategy is one that, as we said before in How to take advantage of an impending crash- Part 4: asymmetric payoff,

First, you structure your bet in the market such that if you lose the bet, your loss is very tiny, but if you win, your gain is very massive. Next, you bet that the market will crash within a specific period of time. If you lose that bet, place another bet for the next period of time. You do this repeatedly until the day of the Black Swan event when your profit overwhelmingly overshadows your accumulated small losses.

Obviously, the disadvantage of this strategy is that it requires fortitude to absorb small losses indefinitely while waiting for a highly rewarding final vindication in the end.

Today may be another ripe time to set up up such a strategy for aggressive traders. As this news report opined,

Apparently, Wall Street has factored all bad news into stocks. Is that a good sign, or should investors be worried if something unexpected really happens?

The market is putting itself in a position that negative surprises are no more. It may be true, but then again, Black Swans can still be lurking. We had listed two possible Black Swans in Two major Black Swans looming ahead for the global economy and one more in Is this a bear market rally or a turning point?. These Black Swans can potentially introduce another round of panic in the financial markets. For Australia, we see another possible trigger for panic- the Australian banking system (see How safe are Australian banks?).

If you are an aggressive Black Swan trader, now is the time to sharpen your tools.

How the rich make their killing from soaring oil prices?

Sunday, June 1st, 2008

Take a look at this article from the news media: Opportunities in crisis as oil stocks dwindle,

A new oil shock that is sweeping the world has sent airline tickets soaring, car drivers reeling and retailers bemoaning the shrinking purses of customers. It is an oil shock of rare proportions.

It is in such events that investors thrive: surely there is an opportunity here for an investor to make a profit from the rising oil price?

Well, how would the rich profit from the soaring oil prices?

There is one rule of thumb that all investors, especially the budding ones, should take note: by the time you get to read about profit opportunities on the media, the biggest and most lucrative killings have already been made. What remains are the leftover scraps. The best investors hop on to the long term major trend long before the mainstream media screams about it. As early as the end of 2006, we had already whispered about the future of oil prices at Is oil going to be more expensive?. The world-class investors who are making a killing from soaring oil prices now would have made their move two years ago.

So, now that mainstream media are talking about how to profit from soaring oil prices, what will the world-class investors be looking at right now? No doubt, they will be thinking steps from the crowd. We believe they will be casting their eyes on alternative energy.

Back in April last year, we examined the idea of alternative energy- see our currently evolving guide, How to profit from rising energy prices?. In particular, take a read at Part 3 (Centralised or Distributed Power) of the “Smart money in alternative energy” series to see how the future of energy will look like in the long run. Regardless of whether you believe the former model (centralised power) or the latter model (distributed power) will be the outcome of the future, there is one problem for the investor: currently, there is no certainty on which forms of alternative energy (e.g. wind, solar, geothermal, nuclear, clean coal, biofuels, etc) will be implemented or commercially successful in the future. By the time the world work them out, the most lucrative profits would have already been made.

But how would the best investors invest in alternative energy? Remember the concept of the asymmetric pay-off strategy in our guide, How to profit from a stock market crash?? The same applies to alternative energy. We do not know which alternative energy will be the winner, but we know that the winner (or winners) will probably win a whopping big victory (or victories). The losers may end up discarded and forgotten (we believe ethanol will probably go the way of the losers). Therefore, the way to invest in alternative energy will be to allocate fractions of your capital into each and every alternative energy candidate that you believe will have good chances of winning. Eventually, one or more of the candidate will win so big that your combined losses on the losers will pale in comparison to the combined wins.

Obviously, this strategy will work only for those who have large enough capital.